Insider threat detection software uses AI and machine learning to analyze user behavior on endpoint devices and create baselines for “safe” activities. When potentially dangerous deviations are identified, companies are notified in real time so they can shut down threats. 

This includes unusual or unauthorized file and system access, data exfiltration, or other behaviors that could indicate a cyberattack. 

Insider threats can be both intentional — such as a compromised employee sharing company assets with a competitor or external threat— or unintentional — such as a user clicking on a phishing link, accidentally downloading malware, or using unsecured file sharing services.

The most common insider threat indicators include:

• Unusual behavior. This can include excessive data exports or transfers, unauthorized download patterns, a sudden increase in printing sensitive documents, sending company files to personal email addresses, or transferring data to off-network locations.

• Access abuse. Threat actors often attempt to gain higher levels of access privileges or may try to access systems using another user’s credentials. Failed login attempts can also signal that a user has been compromised by an external threat.

• System configuration changes. Warning signs can also include insider threats attempting to cover their tracks by changing system or network configurations, using a VPN or proxy, or attempting to disable security tools. 

• Behavioral changes. Beware of users who suddenly change when and how they access company data and servers, such as attempting to access files outside of the scope of their position, out of usual working hours, or from an unknown IP address.
• Risky actions. Insider threats can also be unintentional, such as using an unsecured file sharing service or accidentally sharing sensitive documents with people outside of the organization.

Nearly every industry and company has a valid use case for insider threat detection — whether you want to protect sensitive data or secure yourself against costly data breaches. 

Some of the most at-risk industries include: 

• Healthcare and other companies that collect and protect sensitive data.

• Finance organizations that are prime targets for insider and external threats.

• Technology companies with sensitive and proprietary intellectual property.
• Government agencies that could be targeted by malicious outsiders.

According to the latest IBM Cost of a Data Breach report, the global average cost of a data breach in 2024 climbed 10% to USD $4.88 million2 — the highest number ever reported.

Security platforms should tackle multiple threat angles, from malicious insider attacks to accidental data leaks, device and account compromise, and more. For example, Teramind’s insider threat management solution includes: 

• User entity behavior analysis (UEBA)
• Insider risk management and data loss prevention (DLP)
• File transfer tracking and access management
• Proactive threat detection
• Employee sentiment analysis

A solid strategy can help you prevent insider threats. At a high level, you should: 

1. Implement an insider threat detection and data loss prevention solution.
2. Track employee activity using user activity monitoring software.
3. Conduct regular risk assessments and employee sentiment analysis.
4. Set limits on file and network access and eliminate idle accounts.
5. Train employees on security awareness and enforce account protection policies. 
6. Conduct regular security audits to uncover cyber threats.
7. Apply the principle of least privilege (PoLP). 
8. Establish an employee reporting program.